Aphids
Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that cluster on new growth and leaf undersides, sucking sap and excreting sticky honeydew.
Possible Causes
New Growth Attraction
Why: Aphids are drawn to tender, nitrogen-rich new growth, which is easier to pierce and feed on.
Signs to check: Clusters of small insects on stem tips, flower buds, and youngest leaves.
Over-Fertilization with Nitrogen
Why: Excess nitrogen produces soft, sappy growth that is highly attractive to aphids.
Signs to check: Lush, rapid foliage growth, aphids concentrated on the newest growth.
Introduction from Outdoors or New Plants
Why: Aphids can fly in through open windows or arrive on plants brought in from outside.
Signs to check: Aphids appeared suddenly, plant was recently moved indoors or near an open window.
What to Check
- 1Inspect shoot tips and new leaves for clusters of small insects
- 2Check for sticky honeydew residue on leaves and surfaces below
- 3Note the color of aphids — they can be green, black, brown, or pink
- 4Look for cast-off white skins on leaves (aphid molts)
- 5Check whether ants are present — ants farm aphids for honeydew
What You Can Do
- Blast aphids off with a strong jet of water in the sink or shower
- Wipe off remaining aphids with a damp cloth
- Spray with insecticidal soap, coating all surfaces including undersides
- Apply neem oil solution for ongoing protection
- Reduce nitrogen fertilizer to discourage soft, attractive growth
When to Seek Help
- Leaves are severely curled and distorted from feeding damage
- Aphid population rebounds quickly after treatment
- Sooty mold is growing on honeydew deposits
Key Takeaway
Aphids reproduce rapidly but are among the easiest pests to treat. A combination of physical removal and soap sprays is usually sufficient.
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Sources: RHS, NC State Extension, Missouri Botanical Garden. Content compiled from publicly available horticultural references for educational purposes. Source organizations are listed for transparency only and do not imply endorsement.